Esphyr Slobodkina
1914 - 2002
Birth-PlaceChelyabinsk, Siberia, Russia
BiographyEsphyr Slobodkina was born in Siberia and raised in a family that appreciated and encouraged artistic talent; she was exposed early on to theater, music, textile crafts, and other forms of artistic expression. Slobidkina is known not only for her painting and sculpture but also for her work as a children's book author and illustrator. Much of her life was dedicated to improving literacy programs and encouraging children to read. She was an active member of the American Abstract Artists (AAA) and fought tirelessly for increased respect for abstract art. She was the recipient of numerous awards for both her artistic skill and her heart-warming children's books. As a consequence of World War I and the Russian Revolution, Slobodkina's early life was nomadic, moving around Russia, then to Manchuria and eventually to the United States. During this period of dislocation Slobodkina nonetheless received an education in architecture and art, finding her passion in the latter. Taught by Impressionist artist Pavel Goost while in Manchuria, she also notes Cubo-Futurist painter David Burliuk among her earliest influences in Russia.
Upon arriving in New York City in the 1920's, Slobodkina soon abandoned academic style for an abstract aesthetic. Disliking the National Academy of Art, she sought instruction from Ilya Bolotowsky, a fellow classmate in her composition class. Bolotowsky, to whom she was briefly married, provided Slobodkina with inspiration and criticism, both of which supported her artistic maturation. Her carefully constructed experiments in abstract painting became the basis for her alternative work in design and illustration.
Slobodkina moved in 1991 to West Hartford, where she turned her famous book "Caps for Sale" into a musical that debuted at the Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art. She also developed the Slobodkina-Urquhart Children's Reading Room at the University of Hartford.
K.E. and H.L.
EXTENDED BIO
Esphyr Slobodkina (September 22, 1908 – July 21, 2002) was a popular artist, author, and illustrator, best known for her classic 1940 children's book Caps for Sale. Esphyr Slobodkina (ESS-phere sloh-BOD-kee-nah) was born in Chelyabinsk, Siberia, Russia in 1908. During the Russian Revolution of 1917, she emigrated with her family to Harbin, Manchuria (China), where she studied art and architecture. Slobodkina immigrated to the United States in 1929. She enrolled at the National Academy of Design. It was there that she met her future husband, Russian-born Ilya Bolotowsky (they got divorced in 1938). Along with Ilya, Slobodkina was a founding member of the American Abstract Artists group, which began amid controversy in 1936. Like other Russian modernists, surrounded by ancient icons and a rich craft tradition, Slobodkina developed a lifelong appreciation of clear, rich colors, and flat, stylized forms.
In 1937 Slobodkina met the children's author Margaret Wise Brown. In an effort to find work as an illustrator, Slobodkina wrote and illustrated a story with collage called Mary And The Poodies to present to Brown. This began a new career for Slobodkina, who illustrated many children's stories for Ms. Brown (including Sleepy ABCs and the Big and Little series) while still continuing her work as an abstract artist.[1]
In the late 1930s, Slobodkina began to write and illustrate her own children's books. Among her 24 published works Caps for Sale (1940) is considered a children’s book classic; it has sold more than two million copies and has been translated into more than a dozen languages. Caps for Sale won the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award in 1958. Other children’s works include The Wonderful Feast (written in 1928, first published in 1955), The Clock (1956), The Long Island Ducklings (1961), and Pezzo the Peddler and the Circus Elephant (1967), reissued as Circus Caps for Sale (2002). In 1948, feeling the need to get out of New York City and having saved some money, Slobodkina built a house in Great Neck, New York and moved there with her mother; they remained in the house until 1977.
During this period she was invited back to the Yaddo artist’s colony and also accepted a residency at the MacDowell Colony in New Hampshire. In 1960, Slobodkina married William Urquhart, a business owner whom she had met in 1942 at an American Abstract Artists show. They were married for three years, but in 1963, Urquhart died after suffering from a prolonged illness. Slobodkina stated that “it took me some six years to just recover from the grief and life in general was never the same”... In 1967, Slobodkina and her mother began travelling to Florida to be close to her sister. Annual trips to the southern state soon became impractical because of her mother’s failing health and in 1979, they permanently relocated to Hallandale, Florida. After the death of Slobodkina's brother-in-law in 1974 and her mother in 1975, her sister Tamara joined her in her Hallandale home. The two sisters continued to live together for the rest of Slobodkina's life, moving from Hallandale to West Hartford, CT, then back to Great Neck before settling in Glen Head, Long Island.[2] Slobodkina died in 2002.[3] Through the 1930s Slobodkina developed her unique method of working in oils; a flattened, abstracted style that incorporated line, suspended or interlocking forms. But by the late 30s and 40s Slobodkina was using a variety of techniques and materials. Many of her works are collages and constructions, integrating paint, wood, plastic, and metal with everyday objects such as parts of disassembled typewriters and computers into amusing and often great art. Slobodkina’s work eventually received high acclaim.
“Her life’s work pulled imagery and objects together into magnificent compositions time and time again," stated Harold Porcher, an authority on Slobodkina's art. "I equate an artist like Esphyr to the American mockingbird. A mockingbird borrows and embellishes the songs of other birds around him. Often he changes the phrasing as he incorporates each element into an orchestration of birdsong. The abstract expressionist movement shifted the center of the art world from Paris to New York City – where it remains today – and Esphyr and her contemporaries were the torchbearers, establishing abstraction as a viable form of expression in America."
In the last years of the 20th century, Slobodkina continued her productivity, alternating serious work on abstract paintings with the more relaxing activities - to her - of creating sculpture, wall hangings, multimedia constructions, dolls and jewelry, often made out of old typewriter and computer parts.
As Anne Cohen DePietro wrote, "Traversing nearly a century of inspiration, it is Slobodkina’s enduring delight in the creative act and her single-minded pursuit of her aesthetic vision in a multiplicity of media that continues to enchant."[4] In April 2000, at age 91, Slobodkina established the Slobodkina Foundation, dedicated to the conservation, preservation, and exhibition of art. The Slobodkina Foundation was designed to educate the public about Slobodkina's work and encourage others to pursue their dreams through awareness of Slobodkina's accomplishments.
Before her death in 2002, Slobodkina redesigned her home in Long Island, New York, as a mini-museum and reading room for children, a place where guests can view more than 500 works of art. There, the charitable Slobodkina Foundation preserves the legacy of Slobodkina’s prolific, multifaceted career.
Slobodkina was a celebrated avant garde artist and feminist in the early part of the last century. Her paintings, sculptures and literary works are part of the collections of The Metropolitan Museum, New York; the Smithsonian; the Philadelphia Museum of Art; the Heckscher Museum of Art; Hillwood Art Museum, the Whitney Museum, New York; the Northeast Children’s Literature Collection, Thomas J. Dodd Research Center, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut; the Corcoran Gallery, Washington, DC; the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; the de Grummond Children's Literature Collection, The University of Southern Mississippi; the New York Public Library; among others.
REFERENCES
HarperCollins biography.
Jump up ^ Alisha Patrick, "Esphyr Slobodkina (1908-2002)," Sullivan Goss website.
Jump up ^ Ari L. Goldman, "Esphyr Slobodkina, Artist And Author, Is Dead at 93," New York Times, July 27, 2002.
Jump up ^ Anne Cohen DePietro, "[1]," Slobodkina Foundation website.
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